Should Prostitution Be Beneficial For Our Nation

Prostitution is one of the oldest occupations of all time. Brothels have always been around since ancient times. So this deviant act is nothing new in the world we live in today. Prostitution shouldn’t be deemed deviant. Prostitution is often said to be the oldest profession, and there is a lot of evidence that this is true. The earliest texts we have reference prostitutes, either sacred ones working for a temple or common street prostitutes. Throughout the Bible, prostitutes played greater or lesser roles in many stories, from Delilah to Mary Magdalene. Prostitution has been in existence for millennia, going back to the Byzantine, Roman, Greek, and Egyptian empires. (Goldman) Today, prostitution is predominately illegal with the†¦show more content†¦This would help collect more money that can be used for funding other things that can benefit the society. This would include funding public schools, the police force, homeless shelters, and construction. The average annual income of an employee at one Nevada brothel working only one week per month is at least $100,000. Based on this figure each legally licensed sex worker could be contributing more than $20,000 in federal income taxes per year. Considering that current estimations show over one million prostituted women in America, the tax revenue generated by this industry becomes a staggering $20 billion per year. (Case for Legalizing Prostitution) If we don’t make prostitution legal, the country would be missing out on all this extra tax revenue. Instead all of this money would end up in the pockets of the pimps that control this underground industry. Legalizing prostitution is comparable to the legalization of marijuana, the country can greatly benefit from this than keeping it as illegal. Prostitution in the United States is very dangerous unless you are in Nevada. Making prostitution legal will protect sex workers not only violence and abuse but STI as well. Legalizing it will force brothels to test their employees frequently for any harmful sexually transmitted diseases. These frequent tests are similar to annual health inspections for restaurants. If sex workers were tested

Military Free Essays

The average civilian or recruit coming into the Army often misunderstands the meaning of the words military discipline. He thinks of them as being connected with punishments or reprimands which may result from the violation of some military law or regulation. Actually, discipline should not be something new to you for you have been disciplined all of your life. We will write a custom essay sample on Military or any similar topic only for you Order Now You were being disciplined at home and in school when you were taught obedience to your parents and teachers, and respect for the rights of others. On your baseball or other athletic team you were disciplining yourself when you turned down the chance to be a star performer in order that the team might win; you were acquiring discipline in the shop, or other business when your loyalty to your employer and your fellow employees was greater than your desire to secure your own advancement. All of this was merely the spirit of team play; that is, you were putting the interests of the â€Å"team† above your own in order that the â€Å"team† might win. The word â€Å"company,† or â€Å"troop,† or â€Å"battery† is merely the name for a team, and military discipline is nothing more than this same spirit of team play. It is the most important thing in the Army. In civil life lack of discipline in a young man may result in his getting into trouble which will cause his parents and teachers regret or sorrow; it may cause a member of an athletic team to be â€Å"sent to the bench,† or cause an employee to lose his job. In the Army it is far more serious. Here lack of discipline in a soldier may not only cost him is life and the life of his comrades, but cause a military undertaking to fail and his team to be defeated. On the other hand a team of a few well-disciplined solders is worth many times a much larger number of undisciplined individuals who are nothing more than an armed mob. History repeatedly shows that without discipline, no body of troops can hold its own against a well-disciplined and well-directed enemy. In your work in the Army you may wonder why the officers and noncommissioned officers insist on perfection in what appears to be minor details. Why do rifles have to be carried at just the same angle; why do you have to keep accurately in line; why must your bed be made in a certain way; why must your uniform and equipment be in a prescribed order at all times; why must all officers be saluted with snap and precision? These things are a part of your disciplinary training. Their purpose is to teach you obedience, loyalty, team play, personal pride, pride in your organization, respect for the rights of others, love of the flag, and the will to win. So you see that being disciplined does not mean that you are being punished. It means that you are learning to place the task of your unit – your team – above your personal welfare; that you are learning to obey promptly and cheerfully the orders of your officers and NCOs so that even when they are not present you will carry out their orders to the very best of your ability. When you have learned these things and prompt and cheerful obedience has become second nature to you, then you have acquired military discipline – the kind of discipline which will save lives and win battles. In addition to rank, courtesies and customs visibly distinguish the military from academic, medical, and other professions. When officers and Soldiers display military customs and courtesies, they demonstrate to themselves and others their commitment to duty, to their country and colleagues, and their tradition of service to others. Military courtesies are extended to a person or thing that is due recognition and honor. The most basic of military courtesies is the salute. A custom is a traditional social convention. Military rank, as a visible mark of responsibility and leadership, is due recognition and respect. The customary way of recognizing an officer of superior rank is by saluting him or her. First, a Noncommissioned officer is an officer which has not been commissioned by the President of the United States. Second, a Noncommissioned officer has through his or hers experience, been placed in a position to lead, supervise and train soldiers. Third, the Noncommissioned Officer Corp is the backbone of a professional army. Through real â€Å"hands on† experiences, and progression through the enlisted ranks, the NCO should be in a position of self confidence and esteem, that their position alone should demand respect from both enlisted soldiers and our officers. Fourth, The Noncommissioned Officer represents the United States Army (Marine Corps, Navy, AirForce). There very existence allows the officers to plan, organize, lead, and direct combat operations. The NCO responsible for the preperation, training, and readiness of our soldiers. This is a NCO leadership role, not an officers. Fifth, basic soldier skills (rifle marksmanship, first aid, navigation, law of land warfare, small unit tactics, NBC) are thoose skills mastered by the Noncommissioned Officers. Sixth, they have proven themselves in combat since the Revolutionary War. In the absence of commissioned officers, NCOs have been commissioned on the battlefield to continue the mission, and lead our soldiers. Remember, it is not necessarily the man or woman wearing stripes that you are respecting (BUT IT SHOULD BE) but the magnificent history that has been contributed to the Noncommssioned Officers. â€Å"Follow Me† should be the creed of every NCO NCOs do it all. These leaders have their hands in every aspect of the Army from the simplest daily activities to the most complicated strategic planning. Let’s get reacquainted with the â€Å"backbone of the Army. NCOs are responsible for the daily activities of the Army. These sergeants are the first-line supervisors for the majority of the work completed by Soldiers. These actions can be as simple as physical training or motor pool maintenance on vehicles or as complicated as leading a combat patrol in war. Chances are high that every activity from processing pay documents to medical services a t the hospital are being executed and supervised by sergeants. They touch every aspect of our Soldiers and our Families’ lives. Need an MP for an emergency? Here comes a sergeant. Who is teaching at the Warrior Leader Course? A sergeant is instructing right now. Our sergeants find us before we are in the Army: recruiters. NCOs — drill sergeants — mold us from civilians into Soldiers. Career counselor NCOs keep us in the Army. Sergeants teach us at advance individual training, airborne course, Ranger course and other specialty courses. It is sergeants who develop the future NCOs in the Noncommissioned Officer Educational System. From WLC to the Sergeant Major course, NCOs are developing the next generation. And guess who executes large portions of Officer Candidate School? NCOs do! Sergeants enforce the rules, regulations, and policies of the Army. NCOs don’t make policy, they enforce them. Many have heard me say, â€Å"I don’t make the rules; I get paid handsomely to enforce them! † The Army says what is proper and then empowers sergeants to enforce it. So the key aspect to this notion is not the rule, but rather the discipline to enforce the standard. NCOs have the discipline to do the right thing and set the example. So, Sergeant Major, what is the big deal about wearing my patrol cap to the PX? It is quite simple. A commissioned officer wrote the rule making t a legal order — a simple and minor one some could argue. I support the officers, therefore I support their rules and sergeants enforce both simple and complicated ones. Convenience and comfort have never been military priorities. If a Soldier or leader cannot enforce the simple rules, how will they tackle the complicated ones? It is a slippery slope of selective en forcement when individuals only correct the regulations they agree with. What makes our Army different from others? The NCO! Armies from around the world send their officers to visit the United States to see how we run our Army. No one argues the commissioned officers are in charge. A recurring theme comes up, though, when foreign officers see our NCOs doing so much. The comments sound something like this, â€Å"How can you trust these sergeants to do so much? † Or, â€Å"only our officers do that! † And it is this decentralized implicit trust of our NCOs that creates a huge advantage over other Armies. Decisions and therefore actions take place where no officer is present. NCOs are combat multipliers. Our Army learned years ago that NCOs can be trusted to execute tasks that might have been historically linked to officers. And historically, NCOs are officers. Sergeants are officers without a commission. There are several sources to refer to this topic and I won’t give a history lesson here. Read â€Å"Guardians of the Republic† by Earnest F. Fisher Jr. for a detailed narrative on the history of the NCO. For here and now, we need to know that the NCO is more â€Å"bang for the buck† for our Army than anyone else. Sergeants train individuals, teams and crews. NCOs focus on all the single and small unit requirements that support the collective tasks of platoons and companies. Sergeants ensure Soldiers are physically fit to arrive at the leading edge of battle. These same sergeants teach Soldiers how to shoot their weapons effectively. NCOs teach our Soldiers when not to shoot, which is sometimes more important than shooting. Sergeants take the theory of being a Soldier and apply it to people to make them Soldiers. NCOs advise and mentor officers. Starting at the platoon level, our Army â€Å"marries† an officer and a seasoned NCO to accomplish missions. And it works. The combination of commission and noncommissioned officer is powerful and a critical difference in our Army. Senior NCOs advise senior officers about all enlisted issues and concerns. Officers count on NCOs for recommendations on their most critical decisions. Want the truth, ask an NCO. NCOs preserve the traditions, customs and courtesies of the Army. From standing at attention or parade rest to drill and ceremonies, NCOs must preserve these â€Å"lost arts† of a war-time Army. Respecting the flag at retreat is an NCO function. Politeness, respect and courtesy are historic indicators of discipline in our service. Who is preserving this tradition of the Army? The NCO must! When an NCO sees an infraction and makes no correction, a new standard has been set. So if NCOs follow their creed, they will do two things. Sergeants will accomplish their mission. Not only the ones they choose, but the ones the Army gives them. NCOs enforce all of them. And they must ensure the welfare of their Soldiers. Soldiers are a valuable commodity to be protected. To send untrained, undisciplined Soldiers to war is to kill them. NCOs save lives! They do all the dirty work and are quiet professionals who seek no reward other than the satisfaction of making a difference. They are the working class of the Army and the unsung heroes of our nation. In this year of the NCO, have you thanked a sergeant today? How to cite Military, Papers

The West Exploiting an Empire Essay Sample free essay sample

After the Civil War. Americans. who believed enlargement was their â€Å"manifest fate. † began traveling westward across the continent. repressing the Native Americans through assorted agencies. making a North American imperium for natural stuff to fuel mills. Western economic systems need the Fed Govt BEYOND THE FRONTIERPrior to the Civil War. the March of White colony paused at the border of the semiarid Great Plains. a part seared by hot air currents and excessively small rain for extended agribusiness in summers and buffeted by snowstorms and hailstorms in the winter. which presented a impermanent obstruction. like the Rockies. to farther migration. It was thought West of MS river was uninhabitable. aka the Great Amer. Desert. Suppression THE NATIVE AMERICANSAt the civil war. ? million Native Americans lived in the West. Because they were seen as an extra obstruction to farther White migration. the Native Americans were pushed from their lands and forced to radically alter their civilizations by the terminal of the century. We will write a custom essay sample on The West: Exploiting an Empire Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page By the 1870’s. most of the folks had were destroyed or beaten into entry. Life of the Plains Indians2/3 Natives lived on Great Plains. After they acquired the Spanish Equus caballus they took up a alone civilization based upon mobile hunting of the American bison ( gave nutrient. vesture. shelter. used everything ) . Though the Plains Indians by and large existed in folks of 1000s people. they lived in smaller sets of several hundred. These sets acted independently. doing it difficult for the U. S. govt. Comanche dominated the Plains utilizing Equus caballuss and force. Tribes developed fierce. trained warriors. Within Plains’ civilization. work forces and adult females existed in comparative equality. Men hunted and did ceremonials. adult females did kids and art and most of day-to-day life material and in charge of belongings. â€Å"As Long as Waters Run† : Searching for an Indian PolicyEarlier in the century. the Great Plains. known as the Great American Desert. was considered by the United States authorities as unserviceable for White persons and was given to the Native Americans as â€Å"one large reserve. † But with the find of gold in the West. the federal authorities began a policy of concentration. curtailing folk to specific. limited reserves. which lasted merely a few old ages. Conflicts-N. A. refused to remain on assigned lands. colonists went into Indian lands. and therefore N. A. were pushed out of KA and NB. Desiring peace in 1864. Chief Black Kettle led his followings to bivouac at Sand Creek ( CO ) where they were massacred by Chivingston’s reserves. which caused protests in the East. Great Sioux War- gov’t was to construct Bozeman Trail for mineworkers but Red Cloud attacked b/cus it was Sioux runing evidences and wiped out Fetterman’s 82 soldiers. In the East. they wanted peace/ humanely civilize N. A. but westerners called for control and penalty. Peace Commission created to stop Sioux War ; little reserves policy ( learn to farm. civilize ) . N. A. sent north to Black Hills. South into OK. to be supervised by gov’t. Concluding Battles on the Plains From 1867 to 1890. the federal authorities fought a figure of folks in barbarous military runs b/cus N. A. despised the destitute reserves and denounced pacts. South. Kiowa and Camanche rampaged in TX Panhandle until U. S ground forces defeated them in Red River War ; North. struggle from Black Hills Gold haste in 1875-Custer’s Last Stand. Desperate N. A. turned to Ghost dances thought to do Whites travel and lands return. 7th Cavalry murdered Chief Bigfoot’s Ghost Dancers/ guiltless set in the Wounded Knee Massacre. The End of Tribal Life In the 1870s and 1880s. Congress began a new policy to seek to stop tribal authorization. turn Native Americans into husbandmans ( sucked at ) . and â€Å"educate† their kids to be more like Whites. The Dawes Act of 1887 forced Native Americans to populate on single secret plans of land ( 160 acres/family ) and allowed 90 million estates of Indian lands to be sold to White colonists for N. A. school support Citizenship granted to those who assimilated and accepted land. Settlers attempted to kill off the American bison to ache tribal life. By 1900. there were merely 250. 000 Native Americans counted in the nose count. down from about five million in 1492. and most of them suffered from utmost poorness and the jobs associated with it. SETTLEMENT OF THE WEST From 1870-1900. White persons. along with some Blacks. Hispanics. and Asians. settled 430million estates of the West seeking escapade. or spiritual freedom. as in the instance of the Mormons. and better wellness and economic chance. Men and Women on the Overland Trail Some one-half million colonists flocked to the West. particularly California and Oregon. in the three decennaries after the Gold Rush of 1849. Traveling the Overland Trail. work forces and adult females found the journey both backbreaking and unsafe yet a household matter. It started in May. the 1st leg ended at Fort Kearney. NB. Travelers were exhausted by late afternoon. Womans turned to more â€Å"indecent clothes† . there was frequently trash along the trails and in entire the journey took 6 months. Land for the Taking Government policy. get downing with the Homestead Act of 1862. provided free or cheap land to single colonists ( 600k households ) . land speculators. and private corporations like railwaies. But. few husbandmans had the money to travel. The Timber Culture Act attempted to set to Homestead Act by leting claims to another 160 estates if trees were planted in it in 4 year. This act distributed 10 million estates. Desert Land Act-gave 640 estates in waterless provinces $ 1. 25/acre in they irrigated portion of it ; led to set down fraud. Timber and Stone Act applied to lands for cultivation. Water was a chief issue in West. National Reclamation Acts ( Newlands Act ) set aside $ from land gross revenues for irrigation undertakings. Railroads became the West’s largest landholders. Often. unscrupulous speculators and companies took advantage of these authorities land plans. Territorial Government The new districts of the West related to the federal authorities much like colonies-Start w/ NW Ordinance of 1789 ; Judgess and governor appointed for each district ; Congress had absolute power and these districts needed the Fed Gov’t for being. The Spanish-speaking SouthwestThe Spanish-Mexican heritage of the Southwest influenced Americans in the West- created model for land and H2O ; Contests over land was Mexico’s largest industry ; work forces headed households and economic system but adult females besides enjoyed more economic rights than American opposite numbers ( married womans had half belongings in matrimony ) ; Roman Catholic ; Spanish speech production. The Bonanza WestPursuits for speedy net incomes led to boom-and-bust rhythms in the western economic system. otiose resources. and uneven growing. The Mining BonanzaThe CA Gold Rush of 1849 began the excavation roar and colonists moved west trusting to strike it rich. utilizing the placer excavation technique ( washpan. etc ) . Corporations moved in to delve the deep shafts. using many nonnative mineworkers. who faced ill will and favoritism. Huge work stoppages like the Comstock Lode in CO ( richest find in history. $ 306million. Mackay richest adult male ) and in the Black Hills ( starts Sioux War ) added 1000000s of dollars to the economic system. but by the 1890s the excavation bonanza was over. They built hasty and frequently ephemeral communities ( Deadwood-most lawless. Gravestone. AZ ) . Mining Camps were governed by simple democracy and regulations decided on by the mineworkers. In these cantonments. more work forces than adult females. tonss of cocottes. about half foreign born ( Mexicans and Chinese ) . Foreigners faced discrimination- Foreigner Miner’s Tax. public violences against Chinese. Chinese Exclusion Act. Mining impacts-financed Civil War. Statehoods of NV. ID. MO. and shade towns. Gold from the Roots Up: The Cattle BonanzaBetween 1865 and 1885. big net incomes besides were possible for the cattle ranchers who grazed their herds on the prairie grasses and used cowpunchers. largely Black or Hispanic. to drive them to the railheads ( McCoy was 1st to transport cattle via train ) . Like Miners. Cattlemen lived outside the jurisprudence and cowss techniques came from Mexicans. By 1880. 6 million cowss had been driven to northern markets. but the constitution of spreads with biting wire and the innovation of new engineerings like the refrigerated railway auto ended the possibility of and necessitate for great thrusts. Farmers on the Plains: The Farming BonanzaLike the mineworkers and cow mans. 1000000s of husbandmans moved onto the Great Plains seeking economic chance every bit good. Many of these colonists were Blacks. aka Exodusters. flying subjugation in the South. White or Black. Plains husbandmans encountered adversities. including a deficiency of H2O. unequal timber for places and fencings. devastatingly hot summer air currents. grasshoppers and barbarian winter storms. Houses were made of turf bricks and neighbours were distant. New Farming MethodsSeveral of import innovations. inventions. made farming on the treeless. semiarid Plains possible and profitable. Dry agriculture ( slowed vaporization to assist with deficiency of rainfall ) . new and stalwart workss. and new machinery ( Chilled Iron Plow. grain drill. baling imperativeness. book- How Crops Grow ) . The Hatch Act ( supported agric. Experiments ) . were among the inventions that facilitated the rise of immense bonanza farms. These farms ran on new machinery and outside capital. hired ground forcess of workers. and profited on discounts from RR’s. Discontentment on the FarmOliver Kelley Founds the National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry ( aka the Grange ) to supply societal. cultural and educational things for the rural life. It was non meant to be political but some members supported RR ordinances anyways. It besides set up shops. warehouses. insurance companies and farm mills. Farmers’ Alliance was besides popular. The Farming roar ended after 1887 from a drouth. â€Å"This is the new age to farm† . The Final CrackIn 1889. Congress forced Creek and Seminole tribes to give up their rights to set down in OK. President Harrison opened the OK District. doing The Oklahoma land haste of 1889 where in 1 twenty-four hours. colonists claimed 1. 92 million estates. Participants known as Baby boomers and Sooners reflected the velocity of Western colony. Decision: The Meaning of the WestIn the 1890s. historian Frederick Jackson Turner theorized that the West and Americans’ colony of it explained American development. determining American imposts and character. giving rise to the American ideals of independency and autonomy. all while furthering innovation and version. Subsequently historiographers have challenged Turner’s thesis. indicating out frontier conservativism and imitativeness or the importance of household and community on the frontier as opposed to individuality. â€Å"New Western Historians† have rejected Turner’s thoughts wholly. bring forthing a complex position of the West in which racial and cultural diverseness and struggle dominate. and White Americans can be said to hold conquered instead than settled the West.

rafaels madonna and child essays

rafael's madonna and child essays In this paper, I will discuss Rafaels Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints and also compare it to other paintings of the Madonna and Child by different artists. I will try to prove how the paintings differ according to their stylistic period in which they were painted by focusing on how each varies. Along with the differences is a lot of similarity in the themes of this particular work of art. For instance, the way the Madonna and Child are centered and raised above the other figures, and some gestures and symbols are recurrent themes. This continuity in themes reflects Christianities views of the holiness of the Madonna and Child, but variances in the styles of the paintings reflect societies changing views of Christianity in their lives. Madonna (the Virgin Mary, Mother of God) conceived a son (Jesus Christ), implanted in her womb by the Holy Spirit. As seen in several of the Annunciation artworks, the archangel Gabriel approaches Mary and brings her a message of her virgin conception of a baby boy, who is to be the Son of God. The Virgin Mary is symbolized for her humility and purity as we have seen in the Merode Altarpiece, where every item, dcor, and setting is representative of her sacredness and purity. The baby Jesus in Rafaels painting depicts the holiness of Christ even as a child as figures praise Him and as He makes the sign of blessing. Rafaels portrayal of the Madonna and child is very expressive in regard to its content. He uses some of the same patterns as other artists, such as the Child giving the sign of blessing, and centering the Madonna and Child. The artist however differs from many of the other artists who try to depict the same scene. For example, in Hans Memlings, Altarpiece of the Virgin with Saints and Angels (1479), the Virgin and Christ are not elevated above the other figures. Because this is 15th century Flemish art, we know that religion had become overl...

Bouillon vs. Bullion vs. Boolean

Bouillon vs. Bullion vs. Boolean Bouillon vs. Bullion vs. Boolean Bouillon vs. Bullion vs. Boolean By Brittiany Cahoon Dont confuse bouillon with bullionone is a soup ingredient and the other is gold. Both bouillon and bullion come from Old French, and in fact the same root word, boillonwhich refers to the froth on the top of a boiling cauldron. They are pronounced almost the same: Merriam-Webster says that bouillon should be said BOOL-yon, while bullion should be pronounced BULL-yen. But bouillon is a beef broth, like in French cuisine or bouillon soup, and bullion refers to bricks of gold, like in Fort Knox. Thanks to modern technology, we have bouillon cubes: those salty sugar-cube-size morsels that can be dissolved in boiling water for easy soup. But modern technology also gives us Boolean cubes, a graphical visualization of Boolean functionswhich are used in the study of cryptography, for example. If we can assume cubes of bullion make bad soup, I wouldnt risk the Boolean cubes. Here are some quotations from newspapers: CHICKEN FLAVOR GRANULATED BOUILLON , 4-ounce jar (makes 28 cups), 14 cents a pint. Absolutely classic bouillon flavor, not bad for a drink made predominantly of salt and sugar, but little or no relation to chicken. (www.nytimes.com) which operates vaults in London, New York and Zurich there has been a ninefold increase in the number of gold bullion traders in the past five years, with Britons among the most enthusiastic buyers. Most of them, say BullionVault, (www.theguardian.com) Gold Bullion Exchange, accused of bilking investors nationwide of millions of dollars worth of undelivered gold bullion, was stabbed to death today, apparently in an argument over use of his car, police said. (www.nytimes.com) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Definitely use "the" or "a"In Search of a 4-Dot EllipsisWhat the heck are "learnings"?

Concurrent Engineering Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Concurrent Engineering - Essay Example The rapid growth and expansion of various organizations into different parts of the world has made it necessary for organizations to form a reliable process that supplies raw materials to the company and distributes the finished products to the vendors all over the world. Another major factor is the impact supply chain management has had on customer service. Supply chain management ensures that the right amount of a certain product is made available to the customer at the right time. In addition proper supply chain management also ensures that the product is where the customer expects it to be. Other than that supply chain management help Company’s cut down on costs by cutting down the use of assets such as warehouses, transport and manufacturing plants (Mentzer et al., 2001). According to La Londe and Masters (1994), supply chain management is a process in which different companies provide raw materials. Multiple organizations use those raw materials to manufacture a product and placing that product in the hands of the customer. Wholesalers, transportation, raw material, producers and assemblers all fall under the category of supply chain management (La Londe & Masters, 1994). Concurrent Engineering: Concurrent engineering is a type of work approach where different processes and tasks are carried out at the same time. The main aim of concurrent engineering is to reduce the time it takes to manufacture and distribute a product. Concurrent engineering in the recent past has experienced a number of changes. With each change companies have tried to refine and shape the processes of concurrent engineering to suit their needs (Ma et al., 2008). It is for this reason that concurrent engineering has gained a lot of popularity amongst different organizations. Concurrent engineering is based on two main concepts. The first concept states that the nature and lifespan of all the resources being used must be taken into account during the design phase. The lifespan o r the lifecycle of all the resources can vary in amount and in type. Information regarding any resources can be qualitative or quantitative and can be sometimes very difficult to manage. The variation in volume and type causes different designers to focus on a particular subject or a particular domain of the product being manufactured the rest of the information is either ignored or is handed over to someone else to ponder over. Second concept revolves around the fact that the later stages of design phase must be carried out simultaneously that is concurrently. Any errors would be discovered early on in the design phase and would be rectified without any significant delay and without any trouble. Early detection of these errors also reduces the number of costly mistakes that the company can encounter in the latter stages of production. In 2006, a study showed that concurrent design process can help organizations save large amounts of money (Quan & Jianmin, 2006). Concurrent engineer ing is opposite to the traditional and sequential waterfall method. Waterfall method moves in a sequence with the sequence already defined. Any mistakes within the waterfall method could lead to the heavy alteration in the design which eventually leads to wastage of time. Concurrent Engineering in Supply Chain Management In the last decade, various organizations and governments have made a lot of effort within framework of research and development of concurrent eng

International Portfolio Diversification Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

International Portfolio Diversification - Essay Example They are followed by the investment strategies pursued by three international funds. In this part, the steps that they make to highlight lucrative investment have been mentioned. Improving Returns International stocks have more chances to bring higher returns in comparison with the local stocks. Investors are considerably aware of the fact that international stocks have a wide variety of characteristics. The wide variety of characteristics is capable to increase portfolio performance by diversifying across different international markets or different industries in different countries. In this regard, investing in the foreign or international markets offers difference when compared with the investment made in domestic or national market, and this difference can be comprehended in three ways. First, barriers levied by currency controls, taxation, or investor traditions may further so divide national markets that assets are priced in a national instead of an international landscape. Sec ond, the co-variances among assets within a national market are much bigger than the co-variances among different markets. Third, exchange rates between different currencies depart from each other, exposing currency to international portfolios (Gupta & Donleavy, 2009, p. 163). ... If an investor invests 100 percent of his funds in a firm producing sunscreen lotion, he will be exposed to the risk of weather events; on rainy days there will be no sales of sunscreen lotion, but on sunny days sales will be good. If the same level of investment were divided with half in the sunscreen lotion firm and half in an umbrella manufacturing company, the investment would become immune to negative weather effects and the portfolio would generate interrupted flow of returns regardless of weather patterns. The Optimal International Portfolio Diversification brings variety in investment. The optimal international portfolio combines the same risk-free assets as before (Eiteman et al., 2010, p.438). Eiteman et al. (2010) argue that the benefits of international diversification can be comprehended on the basis of the fact that the optimal international portfolio incorporates both higher expected portfolio return and lower expected portfolio risk when compared with the purely natio nal or domestic optimal portfolio. As a result, the optimal international portfolio has been established as superior and financially lucrative as compared to the optimal domestic portfolio. Global Funds Using International Portfolio Diversification Templeton Global Bond Fund The firm uses both quantitative and qualitative analysis before investing diversified funds globally (Templeton Global Bond Fund, 2012). The firm employs both quantitative and qualitative analysis along with on-the-ground research. In order to minimize the portfolio risk and increase the chances of portfolio returns, the firm utilizes the resources of local analysts across the world to identify and highlight financially