Valuation Methods of Collateral Mortgage Obligations Dissertation

Valuation Methods of Collateral Mortgage Obligations - Dissertation Example ? â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â   â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â  â â __________________ Jeremy Moreland, PhD Dateâ â â Dean, School of Advanced Studies University of Phoenix Abstract Begin Dedication Begin Acknowledgments Begin Table of Contents COLLATERALIZED MORTGAGE OBLIGATION VALUATION METHODS I COLLATERALIZED MORTGAGE OBLIGATION VALUATION METHODS iii Abstract iv Dedication v Acknowledgments vi Table of Contents vii List of Tables x List of Figures xi Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Background of the Problem 2 Statement of the Problem 3 Purpose of the Study 5 Significance of the Problem 6 Nature of the Study 8 Research Questions 10 Hypotheses 10 Theoretical Framework 11 Definition of Terms 14 Assumptions 14 Scope, Limitations, and Delimitations 15 Summary 15 Chapter 2: Review of the Literature 18 Historical Overview 18 Literature Review 27 Securitization and the Mortgage Market 31 The Evolution of Financial Exploitation 32 From the Margins of the City to the Core of Global Finance 33 Balanced Discussions and Alternative Viewpoints 34 Identified Research Gaps 35 Conclusion 38 Summary 40 Chapter 3: Method 1 Research Method and Design Appropriateness 1 Population, Sampling, and Data Collection Procedures and Rationale 4 Informed Consent, Confidentiality, and Geographic Location 5 Data Collection 5 Appropriateness, and Reliability and Validity of the Instruments 6 Internal Validity and External Validity 8 Data Analysis 8 Hypotheses 11 Description of Questionnaire Formulation 11 Findings of the Research (CMO Valuation Model) 13 Summary 13 14 References 14 Appendix A: Title 21 List of Tables List of Figures Chapter 1: Introduction The proposed quantitative spellbinding examination study includes the different valuation systems of prepayment speeds inside collateralized contract commitment (CMO) tranches. The investigation includes breaking down how the common va luation strategies are helpful in current complex monetary situations. The target of the proposed investigation is basically to look at the relevance of different strategies for valuation for evaluating the CMOs in order to decide their legitimacy in the present financial conditions. Collateralized contract commitments are subordinate obligation instruments that can be appropriately characterized as the case that emerges out of incomes from enormous pools of home loans. The upsides of the CMO structure is that once contract holders get head and intrigue, the head and intrigue is circulated to tranches. The chief sum, the coupon rate, the prepayment hazard, and the development date vary among the tranches (Economy Watch, n. d.). Collateralized m

Timeline of Canadas 1970 October Crisis

Timetable of Canadas 1970 October Crisis In October 1970, two cells of the Front de Libã ©ration du Quã ©bec (FLQ), a progressive association advancing a free and communist Quebec, seized British Trade Commissioner James Cross and Quebec Labor Minister Pierre Laporte. Military were sent into Quebec to support the police and the central government summoned the War Measures Act, briefly suspending common freedoms. Key Events of the October Crisis ofâ 1970 Here is a timetable of the key occasions during the October Crisis. October 5, 1970British Trade Commissioner James Cross was hijacked in Montreal, Quebec. Payment requests from the Liberation cell of the FLQ incorporated the arrival of 23 political detainees, $500,000 in gold, communicate, and distribution of the FLQ Manifesto, and an airplane to take the criminals to Cuba or Algeria. October 6, 1970Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and Quebec Premier Robert Bourassa concurred that choices on the FLQ requests would be made together by the central government and the Quebec common government. The FLQ Manifesto, or selections of it, was distributed by a few papers. Radio broadcast CKAC got dangers that James Cross would be murdered if FLQ requests were not met. October 7, 1970Quebec Justice Minister Jerome Choquette said he was accessible for exchanges. The FLQ Manifesto was perused on CKAC radio. October 8, 1970The FLQ Manifesto was perused on the CBC French system Radio-Canada. October 10, 1970The Chenier cell of the FLQ seized Quebec Minister of Labor Pierre Laporte. October 11, 1970Premier Bourassa got a letter from Pierre Laporte arguing for his life. October 12, 1970The Army was sent in to monitor Ottawa. October 15, 1970The Quebec government welcomed the Army into Quebec to support nearby police. October 16, 1970Prime Minister Trudeau declared the announcement of the War Measures Act, crisis enactment dating from World War I. October 17, 1970The group of Pierre Laporte was found in the storage compartment of a vehicle at the air terminal in St.- Hubert, Quebec. November 2, 1970The Canadian central government and the Quebec commonplace government together offered a prize of $150,000 for data prompting the capture of the criminals. November 6, 1970Police struck the den of the Chenier cell and captured Bernard Lortie. Other cell individuals got away. November 9, 1970The Quebec Justice Minister requested the Army to remain in Quebec for an additional 30 days. December 3, 1970James Cross was discharged after police found where he was being held and the FLQ were given confirmation of their sheltered entry to Cuba. Cross had shed pounds yet said he was not truly abused. December 4, 1970Federal Justice Minister John Turner said the outcasts to Cuba would be forever. Five FLQ individuals got section to Cuba - Jacques Cossette-Trudel, Louise Cossette-Trudel, Jacques Lanctã't, Marc Carbonneau and Yves Langlois. They later moved to France. In the end, all came back to Canada and served short prison terms for grabbing. December 24, 1970Troops were pulled back from Quebec. December 28, 1970Paul Rose, Jacques Rose, and Francis Simard, the staying three individuals from the Chenier cell, were captured. With Bernard Lortie, they were accused of hijacking and murder. Paul Rose and Francis Simard later got life sentences for homicide. Bernard Lortie was condemned to 20 years for seizing. Jacques Rose was at first cleared however later indicted for being a frill and condemned to eight years in jail. February 3, 1971A report from Justice Minister John Turner on the utilization of the War Measures Act said 497 individuals were captured. Of these, 435 were discharged, 62 were charged, 32 without bail. July 1980A 6th individual, Nigel Barry Hamer, was charged in the abducting of James Cross. He was later indicted and condemned to a year in prison.

Post-Divorce Trauma and PTSD

Post-Divorce Trauma and PTSD Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems Print Post-Divorce Trauma and PTSD By Allison Abrams, LCSW-R facebook twitter linkedin Allison Abrams, LCSW-R, is a licensed psychotherapist, mental health advocate, and author covering relationships, mindfulness, and self-care. Learn about our editorial policy Allison Abrams, LCSW-R Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on March 05, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on July 30, 2019 More in Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems LGBTQ Violence and Abuse The loss of a significant relationship can be one of life’s most difficult challenges. Divorce or separation, in particular, increases ones risk of distressful psychological symptoms. According to some studies, it is also a potential risk factor for suicidal behavior. According to the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS), which measures the relationship between life events, stress and susceptibility to illness, divorce is considered to be one of the most severe life stressors. Number one on the list is the death of a loved one. Given these statistics, some wonder whether the trauma of divorce can lead to a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).  Illustration by Brianna Gilmartin, Verywell   Defining PTSD Once referred to as combat stress reaction  or  battle fatigue, PTSD gained official recognition as a mental health condition in 1980  in the  third edition  of the  Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders  (DSM-lll). It was understood to be a  common syndrome among  war  veterans. We now know that one need not go to war to develop a diagnosis of  PTSD  or to experience PTSD-related symptoms.   The most recent edition of the DSM, published by the American Psychiatric Association (the DSM-V) lists PTSD under the category of trauma and stressor-related disorders, and defines it as a result of exposure  to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence.   This may include directly experiencing, witnessing, or learning the traumatic event occurred to a close family member or friend. Further, the following criteria must be met: Alterations in arousal and reactivity that began or worsened after the trauma (for example, risky or destructive behavior, hypervigilance, and a heightened startle reaction)Intrusion symptoms such as persistently re-experiencing upsetting memories, nightmares, or flashbacks.Exhibiting avoidance behaviors of feelings or external reminders.At least two negative alterations in cognitions and mood that began or worsened after the trauma (such as inability to recall key features of the trauma, overly negative thoughts and assumptions about oneself or the world, exaggerated blame of self or others for causing the trauma, negative affect, decreased interest in activities, feeling isolated, and difficulty experiencing positive affect)The onset of symptoms may occur immediately following the event or  diagnostic criteria are not met until at least six months after the trauma (specified as  delayed onset)Symptoms that last for more than one monthDistress or functional impairment (social, occup ational)Symptoms that are not due to medication, substance use, or other illness.In some cases,  dissociative  symptoms that may occur such as  depersonalization (the feeling of  being detached from oneself) or derealization (a feeling of unreality) PTSD and Divorce According to the National Health Service (NHS), a formal PTSD diagnosis does not usually apply to circumstances like divorce, job loss or failing exams.”   “A PTSD diagnosis requires something life-threatening or a threat to bodily integrity,” says Sheela Raja, Ph.D., licensed clinical psychologist, and author of Overcoming Trauma and PTSD. She goes on to say that divorce would not cause PTSD. However, there are still similarities in symptoms. Several studies have found that following relationship dissolution, many people manifest symptoms similar to those experienced by people who have survived highly stressful situations. This means that in some cases, those who experience divorce could experience similar symptoms to those who have experienced military combat, natural disasters, rape, or other life-threatening events. Post-Dissolution PTSD What some researchers refer to as “post-dissolution PTSS” (post-traumatic stress symptoms) is characterized by the re-experiencing of symptoms, including intrusive thoughts or dreams about the dissolution and avoidance behaviors. Other post-traumatic stress symptoms that may arise in the aftermath of a divorce or separation include: Overly negative thoughts about oneself or the worldExaggerated self-blame or blame of othersDecreased interest in activitiesFeeling isolatedIrritability or aggressionParanoiaRisky or destructive behaviorDifficulty concentratingDifficulty sleeping. According to psychotherapist Toni Coleman, If a person goes through an acrimonious, drawn-out, expensive, time-consuming, and lifestyle altering divorce...it can lead to debilitating symptoms of anxiety in which PTSD takes root. These symptoms are the result of the divorce trauma being embedded in the person’s subconscious mind and then experienced as recurrent fears and bad memories. In other words, a person who has experienced a divorce can present symptoms of illness. Coleman also goes on to say that these symptoms can come in the form of flashbacks. For obvious reasons, this can make it difficult for a person to move on. Conclusion Certain risk factors appear to make some people more likely to develop a diagnosis of PTSD after a divorce or separation, such as in cases that involve intimate partner abuse, exposure to a serious threat of injury, or death. This level of trauma does not meet the severity criteria required for the diagnosis of PTSD. A history of past trauma is also a risk factor for developing PTSD post-divorce. “In people with  PTSD  from past trauma,” says psychiatrist Dr. Susan Edelman, “the breakup of a relationship can lead to worsening symptoms of post-traumatic stress and psychological well-being.” A Word From Verywell While the ending of a relationship in itself does not meet the trauma criteria for a PTSD diagnosis as it is defined by the DSM, the effects can be just as devastating. Having a strong social support network is essential. Reaching out to family and friends, joining a support group or seeking out a therapist,  and learning effective coping strategies are some ways to help alleviate distressful symptoms of post-divorce trauma, and ultimately lead to the path of recovery and healing. How to Know When Divorce Is the Right Move

Essay on Racism In The NFL - 1596 Words

Today in America the word Racism is taken to a whole new level. Even in sports, such as the NFL racism prospers. For instance the Washington Redskins of the National Football League. Native Americans are trying to say the NFL is being rude for naming a Team Redskins. The Redskins have had that name since 1933 (Staff). The team had the name of Braves before they adopted the name Redskins. It was changed due to racism purposes. Some people would agree that the whole situation with Redskins is ridiculous because The Major League Baseball series has two teams related to Native Americans, The Atlanta Braves and The Cleveland Indians. The NFL also has more than just Redskins. They have the Kansas City Chiefs. So if they are really worried about†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"How much money can I get? Does it even matter if anyone but me has money?† Americans as a whole are selfish. Some aren’t but as a whole yes. As Americans people need to slow down on saying something is racist because who knows it may actually not be racist. Most people thinks when someone is being racist its just toward African Americans when really, they aren’t the only ones being discriminated against. Its any race with the exception of white people. White people are often referred to as the dominate race. Often Times people find themselves thinking all the discrimination is directed toward the African Americans. However, they aren’t the only ones being discriminated for being a different color. Native Americans are also being discriminated also. There are many ways to discriminate people. Name calling is one, another is drawing, and another is acting. Those two, drawing and acting are not usually the offense. Its usually in the form of name calling. (Whitlock) There’s a lot of terms you can use to be racist. A lot of sick people have came up with names to call different races. Names so bad that they can not be used in this paper. Racism is very wrong. People are all equal no matter what color they are. No one should be laughed at or tortured or even made fun of for being a different color. God made everyone the same. The only differences are color, actions, looks, and personality. Everyone is a beautiful creationShow MoreRelatedEssay On Problems Facing America973 Words   |  4 Pagesillegal immigrants came into the United States. 59% of those immigrants coming from Mexico alone! Three issues Americans face in 2017 are NFL Players kneeling for National Anthem , Raci sm, and Illegal Immigration. NFL players are kneeling for the anthem because they believe that they have a voice in the larger spectrum of racism and violence in America today. Racism in America never fully went away and today it may almost be as bad as the mid 1800’s. Illegal Immigration has been a main problem in theRead MoreEssay On Plessy Vs Ferguson1330 Words   |  6 PagesRacism has been a part of our country since the early ages. Historically, racism and equality have been central issues that have divided our country. Many actions from the past such as the decision in the Plessy versus Ferguson case, and present day actions like The Mississippi school system case have been the ongoing battle in today s society. The struggle to achieve equality was made even more difficult by the legislation that is now considered racist in the Plessy versus Ferguson case. TheRead MoreProtest For The National Anthem Of The United States1687 Words   |  7 Pagesof police towards minorities are other causes to the actions that have been taken. Kaepernick’s decision to sit for the national anthem has sparked â€Å"copycat† protests around the country. The primary cause of the protests to the national anthem is racism towards minorities and people of color. The most significant effect is that people are refusing to watch the games because of the protests. The Star-Spangled Banner has been the national anthem of the United States of America since 1931. On SeptemberRead MoreThe Governing Body And League Format For American Football1600 Words   |  7 Pages The NFL, the governing body and league format for American football is the largest grossing sporting league in the world. The sport symbolises and embodies American culture as it is fast paced, dazzling razzmatazz of a show brought to a conclusion every year by the greatest show on earth, the Super Bowl. The themes explored are going to be America’s issue with race, how the sport has evolved with TV and commercialism linking the sport to capitalism and the free market. And just like the openingRead MoreEssay On Invisible Man1379 Words   |  6 Pagesundermined all along the way. Despite the sixty year time difference between the publication of Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man and Kaepernick’s protests, both Invisible Man and the outcry against NFL players’ protesting the National Anthem illustrate a systematic backlash to independent thinking from black people. The NFL protests, designed to garner attention for the daily struggles of being black in America, are clearly indicative of independent, black thought. Football player Eric Reid, in justifyingRead MoreSports Are A Way Of Bonding. People Of All Races Are Brought1351 Words   |  6 Pagesif you were to assume that a Black athlete would be better at those sports then you are in line with the thought processes of many decision makers within those sports. In 2014, the NBA was made up of about 80 percent African-American and in both the NFL and WNBA that number was close to 70 percent (Johnson). Those numbers are not a fluke or mistake, but a trend that is present across multiple sports. The perfect example of stereotyping amongst the scouts and front offices of professional sports. WhenRead MoreSports Head Injuries Essay751 Words   |  4 PagesSports head injuries There are many dilemmas that plague sports. Some of those can range from bribing, cheating, racism, and sports safety. In the past the NBA had to deal with the betting scandal involving Tim Donaghy and baseball has had to deal with the issue of performance enhancers. The sports industry generates around half a trillion dollars a year and it has to deal with multiple dilemmas at the youth, college, and professional level. A growing issue with sports has been the number of injuriesRead MoreConversy of Racism in Sports Essay examples815 Words   |  4 Pages I. Controversy at the 1968 Olympics! At the 1968 Olympic games a track runner by the Name of Tommy Harper took a stand against racism and inequality by winning the 400 M. dash. As he was awarded his gold medal, he clenched his fist and raised it high in the Air while wearing a black glove. A raised fist was the symbol of equality for the black Power movement of the 1960‘s. African Americans have made a huge impact on the civil Rights movement, especially in sports. The 1940’s and the 1950’s wereRead MoreDiscrimination Vs Discrimination726 Words   |  3 PagesAmerica is known as a mixing pot for those in search of freedom and new opportunities. People of many different races are welcome. But with such a diverse amount of people, racism, and a rather long history of segregation applied itself to the picture. Segregation within jobs, the past and the effect it has now, and the problems it brings with it, still is held in our country to date. Laws regarding some situations job applications as well as accepting students is called an affirmative actionRead MoreThe O. J. Simpson Case1576 Words   |  7 PagesThe O. J. Simpson murder case was a criminal trial held at the Los Angeles County Superior Court, in which the former NFL star and actor O. J. Simpson was trial on two counts of murder for the deaths of his ex-wife Nicole Brown, and a waiter named Ronald Goldman. The O.J. trial could be seen as a historical lens and cultural lens as well. The reason why I use those two perspectives was because; in history the black people has been treated as non-human, criminals, and properties. And in a culture

Should Prostitution Be Beneficial For Our Nation

Prostitution is one of the oldest occupations of all time. Brothels have always been around since ancient times. So this deviant act is nothing new in the world we live in today. Prostitution shouldn’t be deemed deviant. Prostitution is often said to be the oldest profession, and there is a lot of evidence that this is true. The earliest texts we have reference prostitutes, either sacred ones working for a temple or common street prostitutes. Throughout the Bible, prostitutes played greater or lesser roles in many stories, from Delilah to Mary Magdalene. Prostitution has been in existence for millennia, going back to the Byzantine, Roman, Greek, and Egyptian empires. (Goldman) Today, prostitution is predominately illegal with the†¦show more content†¦This would help collect more money that can be used for funding other things that can benefit the society. This would include funding public schools, the police force, homeless shelters, and construction. The average annual income of an employee at one Nevada brothel working only one week per month is at least $100,000. Based on this figure each legally licensed sex worker could be contributing more than $20,000 in federal income taxes per year. Considering that current estimations show over one million prostituted women in America, the tax revenue generated by this industry becomes a staggering $20 billion per year. (Case for Legalizing Prostitution) If we don’t make prostitution legal, the country would be missing out on all this extra tax revenue. Instead all of this money would end up in the pockets of the pimps that control this underground industry. Legalizing prostitution is comparable to the legalization of marijuana, the country can greatly benefit from this than keeping it as illegal. Prostitution in the United States is very dangerous unless you are in Nevada. Making prostitution legal will protect sex workers not only violence and abuse but STI as well. Legalizing it will force brothels to test their employees frequently for any harmful sexually transmitted diseases. These frequent tests are similar to annual health inspections for restaurants. If sex workers were tested

Military Free Essays

The average civilian or recruit coming into the Army often misunderstands the meaning of the words military discipline. He thinks of them as being connected with punishments or reprimands which may result from the violation of some military law or regulation. Actually, discipline should not be something new to you for you have been disciplined all of your life. We will write a custom essay sample on Military or any similar topic only for you Order Now You were being disciplined at home and in school when you were taught obedience to your parents and teachers, and respect for the rights of others. On your baseball or other athletic team you were disciplining yourself when you turned down the chance to be a star performer in order that the team might win; you were acquiring discipline in the shop, or other business when your loyalty to your employer and your fellow employees was greater than your desire to secure your own advancement. All of this was merely the spirit of team play; that is, you were putting the interests of the â€Å"team† above your own in order that the â€Å"team† might win. The word â€Å"company,† or â€Å"troop,† or â€Å"battery† is merely the name for a team, and military discipline is nothing more than this same spirit of team play. It is the most important thing in the Army. In civil life lack of discipline in a young man may result in his getting into trouble which will cause his parents and teachers regret or sorrow; it may cause a member of an athletic team to be â€Å"sent to the bench,† or cause an employee to lose his job. In the Army it is far more serious. Here lack of discipline in a soldier may not only cost him is life and the life of his comrades, but cause a military undertaking to fail and his team to be defeated. On the other hand a team of a few well-disciplined solders is worth many times a much larger number of undisciplined individuals who are nothing more than an armed mob. History repeatedly shows that without discipline, no body of troops can hold its own against a well-disciplined and well-directed enemy. In your work in the Army you may wonder why the officers and noncommissioned officers insist on perfection in what appears to be minor details. Why do rifles have to be carried at just the same angle; why do you have to keep accurately in line; why must your bed be made in a certain way; why must your uniform and equipment be in a prescribed order at all times; why must all officers be saluted with snap and precision? These things are a part of your disciplinary training. Their purpose is to teach you obedience, loyalty, team play, personal pride, pride in your organization, respect for the rights of others, love of the flag, and the will to win. So you see that being disciplined does not mean that you are being punished. It means that you are learning to place the task of your unit – your team – above your personal welfare; that you are learning to obey promptly and cheerfully the orders of your officers and NCOs so that even when they are not present you will carry out their orders to the very best of your ability. When you have learned these things and prompt and cheerful obedience has become second nature to you, then you have acquired military discipline – the kind of discipline which will save lives and win battles. In addition to rank, courtesies and customs visibly distinguish the military from academic, medical, and other professions. When officers and Soldiers display military customs and courtesies, they demonstrate to themselves and others their commitment to duty, to their country and colleagues, and their tradition of service to others. Military courtesies are extended to a person or thing that is due recognition and honor. The most basic of military courtesies is the salute. A custom is a traditional social convention. Military rank, as a visible mark of responsibility and leadership, is due recognition and respect. The customary way of recognizing an officer of superior rank is by saluting him or her. First, a Noncommissioned officer is an officer which has not been commissioned by the President of the United States. Second, a Noncommissioned officer has through his or hers experience, been placed in a position to lead, supervise and train soldiers. Third, the Noncommissioned Officer Corp is the backbone of a professional army. Through real â€Å"hands on† experiences, and progression through the enlisted ranks, the NCO should be in a position of self confidence and esteem, that their position alone should demand respect from both enlisted soldiers and our officers. Fourth, The Noncommissioned Officer represents the United States Army (Marine Corps, Navy, AirForce). There very existence allows the officers to plan, organize, lead, and direct combat operations. The NCO responsible for the preperation, training, and readiness of our soldiers. This is a NCO leadership role, not an officers. Fifth, basic soldier skills (rifle marksmanship, first aid, navigation, law of land warfare, small unit tactics, NBC) are thoose skills mastered by the Noncommissioned Officers. Sixth, they have proven themselves in combat since the Revolutionary War. In the absence of commissioned officers, NCOs have been commissioned on the battlefield to continue the mission, and lead our soldiers. Remember, it is not necessarily the man or woman wearing stripes that you are respecting (BUT IT SHOULD BE) but the magnificent history that has been contributed to the Noncommssioned Officers. â€Å"Follow Me† should be the creed of every NCO NCOs do it all. These leaders have their hands in every aspect of the Army from the simplest daily activities to the most complicated strategic planning. Let’s get reacquainted with the â€Å"backbone of the Army. NCOs are responsible for the daily activities of the Army. These sergeants are the first-line supervisors for the majority of the work completed by Soldiers. These actions can be as simple as physical training or motor pool maintenance on vehicles or as complicated as leading a combat patrol in war. Chances are high that every activity from processing pay documents to medical services a t the hospital are being executed and supervised by sergeants. They touch every aspect of our Soldiers and our Families’ lives. Need an MP for an emergency? Here comes a sergeant. Who is teaching at the Warrior Leader Course? A sergeant is instructing right now. Our sergeants find us before we are in the Army: recruiters. NCOs — drill sergeants — mold us from civilians into Soldiers. Career counselor NCOs keep us in the Army. Sergeants teach us at advance individual training, airborne course, Ranger course and other specialty courses. It is sergeants who develop the future NCOs in the Noncommissioned Officer Educational System. From WLC to the Sergeant Major course, NCOs are developing the next generation. And guess who executes large portions of Officer Candidate School? NCOs do! Sergeants enforce the rules, regulations, and policies of the Army. NCOs don’t make policy, they enforce them. Many have heard me say, â€Å"I don’t make the rules; I get paid handsomely to enforce them! † The Army says what is proper and then empowers sergeants to enforce it. So the key aspect to this notion is not the rule, but rather the discipline to enforce the standard. NCOs have the discipline to do the right thing and set the example. So, Sergeant Major, what is the big deal about wearing my patrol cap to the PX? It is quite simple. A commissioned officer wrote the rule making t a legal order — a simple and minor one some could argue. I support the officers, therefore I support their rules and sergeants enforce both simple and complicated ones. Convenience and comfort have never been military priorities. If a Soldier or leader cannot enforce the simple rules, how will they tackle the complicated ones? It is a slippery slope of selective en forcement when individuals only correct the regulations they agree with. What makes our Army different from others? The NCO! Armies from around the world send their officers to visit the United States to see how we run our Army. No one argues the commissioned officers are in charge. A recurring theme comes up, though, when foreign officers see our NCOs doing so much. The comments sound something like this, â€Å"How can you trust these sergeants to do so much? † Or, â€Å"only our officers do that! † And it is this decentralized implicit trust of our NCOs that creates a huge advantage over other Armies. Decisions and therefore actions take place where no officer is present. NCOs are combat multipliers. Our Army learned years ago that NCOs can be trusted to execute tasks that might have been historically linked to officers. And historically, NCOs are officers. Sergeants are officers without a commission. There are several sources to refer to this topic and I won’t give a history lesson here. Read â€Å"Guardians of the Republic† by Earnest F. Fisher Jr. for a detailed narrative on the history of the NCO. For here and now, we need to know that the NCO is more â€Å"bang for the buck† for our Army than anyone else. Sergeants train individuals, teams and crews. NCOs focus on all the single and small unit requirements that support the collective tasks of platoons and companies. Sergeants ensure Soldiers are physically fit to arrive at the leading edge of battle. These same sergeants teach Soldiers how to shoot their weapons effectively. NCOs teach our Soldiers when not to shoot, which is sometimes more important than shooting. Sergeants take the theory of being a Soldier and apply it to people to make them Soldiers. NCOs advise and mentor officers. Starting at the platoon level, our Army â€Å"marries† an officer and a seasoned NCO to accomplish missions. And it works. The combination of commission and noncommissioned officer is powerful and a critical difference in our Army. Senior NCOs advise senior officers about all enlisted issues and concerns. Officers count on NCOs for recommendations on their most critical decisions. Want the truth, ask an NCO. NCOs preserve the traditions, customs and courtesies of the Army. From standing at attention or parade rest to drill and ceremonies, NCOs must preserve these â€Å"lost arts† of a war-time Army. Respecting the flag at retreat is an NCO function. Politeness, respect and courtesy are historic indicators of discipline in our service. Who is preserving this tradition of the Army? The NCO must! When an NCO sees an infraction and makes no correction, a new standard has been set. So if NCOs follow their creed, they will do two things. Sergeants will accomplish their mission. Not only the ones they choose, but the ones the Army gives them. NCOs enforce all of them. And they must ensure the welfare of their Soldiers. Soldiers are a valuable commodity to be protected. To send untrained, undisciplined Soldiers to war is to kill them. NCOs save lives! They do all the dirty work and are quiet professionals who seek no reward other than the satisfaction of making a difference. They are the working class of the Army and the unsung heroes of our nation. In this year of the NCO, have you thanked a sergeant today? How to cite Military, Papers

The West Exploiting an Empire Essay Sample free essay sample

After the Civil War. Americans. who believed enlargement was their â€Å"manifest fate. † began traveling westward across the continent. repressing the Native Americans through assorted agencies. making a North American imperium for natural stuff to fuel mills. Western economic systems need the Fed Govt BEYOND THE FRONTIERPrior to the Civil War. the March of White colony paused at the border of the semiarid Great Plains. a part seared by hot air currents and excessively small rain for extended agribusiness in summers and buffeted by snowstorms and hailstorms in the winter. which presented a impermanent obstruction. like the Rockies. to farther migration. It was thought West of MS river was uninhabitable. aka the Great Amer. Desert. Suppression THE NATIVE AMERICANSAt the civil war. ? million Native Americans lived in the West. Because they were seen as an extra obstruction to farther White migration. the Native Americans were pushed from their lands and forced to radically alter their civilizations by the terminal of the century. We will write a custom essay sample on The West: Exploiting an Empire Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page By the 1870’s. most of the folks had were destroyed or beaten into entry. Life of the Plains Indians2/3 Natives lived on Great Plains. After they acquired the Spanish Equus caballus they took up a alone civilization based upon mobile hunting of the American bison ( gave nutrient. vesture. shelter. used everything ) . Though the Plains Indians by and large existed in folks of 1000s people. they lived in smaller sets of several hundred. These sets acted independently. doing it difficult for the U. S. govt. Comanche dominated the Plains utilizing Equus caballuss and force. Tribes developed fierce. trained warriors. Within Plains’ civilization. work forces and adult females existed in comparative equality. Men hunted and did ceremonials. adult females did kids and art and most of day-to-day life material and in charge of belongings. â€Å"As Long as Waters Run† : Searching for an Indian PolicyEarlier in the century. the Great Plains. known as the Great American Desert. was considered by the United States authorities as unserviceable for White persons and was given to the Native Americans as â€Å"one large reserve. † But with the find of gold in the West. the federal authorities began a policy of concentration. curtailing folk to specific. limited reserves. which lasted merely a few old ages. Conflicts-N. A. refused to remain on assigned lands. colonists went into Indian lands. and therefore N. A. were pushed out of KA and NB. Desiring peace in 1864. Chief Black Kettle led his followings to bivouac at Sand Creek ( CO ) where they were massacred by Chivingston’s reserves. which caused protests in the East. Great Sioux War- gov’t was to construct Bozeman Trail for mineworkers but Red Cloud attacked b/cus it was Sioux runing evidences and wiped out Fetterman’s 82 soldiers. In the East. they wanted peace/ humanely civilize N. A. but westerners called for control and penalty. Peace Commission created to stop Sioux War ; little reserves policy ( learn to farm. civilize ) . N. A. sent north to Black Hills. South into OK. to be supervised by gov’t. Concluding Battles on the Plains From 1867 to 1890. the federal authorities fought a figure of folks in barbarous military runs b/cus N. A. despised the destitute reserves and denounced pacts. South. Kiowa and Camanche rampaged in TX Panhandle until U. S ground forces defeated them in Red River War ; North. struggle from Black Hills Gold haste in 1875-Custer’s Last Stand. Desperate N. A. turned to Ghost dances thought to do Whites travel and lands return. 7th Cavalry murdered Chief Bigfoot’s Ghost Dancers/ guiltless set in the Wounded Knee Massacre. The End of Tribal Life In the 1870s and 1880s. Congress began a new policy to seek to stop tribal authorization. turn Native Americans into husbandmans ( sucked at ) . and â€Å"educate† their kids to be more like Whites. The Dawes Act of 1887 forced Native Americans to populate on single secret plans of land ( 160 acres/family ) and allowed 90 million estates of Indian lands to be sold to White colonists for N. A. school support Citizenship granted to those who assimilated and accepted land. Settlers attempted to kill off the American bison to ache tribal life. By 1900. there were merely 250. 000 Native Americans counted in the nose count. down from about five million in 1492. and most of them suffered from utmost poorness and the jobs associated with it. SETTLEMENT OF THE WEST From 1870-1900. White persons. along with some Blacks. Hispanics. and Asians. settled 430million estates of the West seeking escapade. or spiritual freedom. as in the instance of the Mormons. and better wellness and economic chance. Men and Women on the Overland Trail Some one-half million colonists flocked to the West. particularly California and Oregon. in the three decennaries after the Gold Rush of 1849. Traveling the Overland Trail. work forces and adult females found the journey both backbreaking and unsafe yet a household matter. It started in May. the 1st leg ended at Fort Kearney. NB. Travelers were exhausted by late afternoon. Womans turned to more â€Å"indecent clothes† . there was frequently trash along the trails and in entire the journey took 6 months. Land for the Taking Government policy. get downing with the Homestead Act of 1862. provided free or cheap land to single colonists ( 600k households ) . land speculators. and private corporations like railwaies. But. few husbandmans had the money to travel. The Timber Culture Act attempted to set to Homestead Act by leting claims to another 160 estates if trees were planted in it in 4 year. This act distributed 10 million estates. Desert Land Act-gave 640 estates in waterless provinces $ 1. 25/acre in they irrigated portion of it ; led to set down fraud. Timber and Stone Act applied to lands for cultivation. Water was a chief issue in West. National Reclamation Acts ( Newlands Act ) set aside $ from land gross revenues for irrigation undertakings. Railroads became the West’s largest landholders. Often. unscrupulous speculators and companies took advantage of these authorities land plans. Territorial Government The new districts of the West related to the federal authorities much like colonies-Start w/ NW Ordinance of 1789 ; Judgess and governor appointed for each district ; Congress had absolute power and these districts needed the Fed Gov’t for being. The Spanish-speaking SouthwestThe Spanish-Mexican heritage of the Southwest influenced Americans in the West- created model for land and H2O ; Contests over land was Mexico’s largest industry ; work forces headed households and economic system but adult females besides enjoyed more economic rights than American opposite numbers ( married womans had half belongings in matrimony ) ; Roman Catholic ; Spanish speech production. The Bonanza WestPursuits for speedy net incomes led to boom-and-bust rhythms in the western economic system. otiose resources. and uneven growing. The Mining BonanzaThe CA Gold Rush of 1849 began the excavation roar and colonists moved west trusting to strike it rich. utilizing the placer excavation technique ( washpan. etc ) . Corporations moved in to delve the deep shafts. using many nonnative mineworkers. who faced ill will and favoritism. Huge work stoppages like the Comstock Lode in CO ( richest find in history. $ 306million. Mackay richest adult male ) and in the Black Hills ( starts Sioux War ) added 1000000s of dollars to the economic system. but by the 1890s the excavation bonanza was over. They built hasty and frequently ephemeral communities ( Deadwood-most lawless. Gravestone. AZ ) . Mining Camps were governed by simple democracy and regulations decided on by the mineworkers. In these cantonments. more work forces than adult females. tonss of cocottes. about half foreign born ( Mexicans and Chinese ) . Foreigners faced discrimination- Foreigner Miner’s Tax. public violences against Chinese. Chinese Exclusion Act. Mining impacts-financed Civil War. Statehoods of NV. ID. MO. and shade towns. Gold from the Roots Up: The Cattle BonanzaBetween 1865 and 1885. big net incomes besides were possible for the cattle ranchers who grazed their herds on the prairie grasses and used cowpunchers. largely Black or Hispanic. to drive them to the railheads ( McCoy was 1st to transport cattle via train ) . Like Miners. Cattlemen lived outside the jurisprudence and cowss techniques came from Mexicans. By 1880. 6 million cowss had been driven to northern markets. but the constitution of spreads with biting wire and the innovation of new engineerings like the refrigerated railway auto ended the possibility of and necessitate for great thrusts. Farmers on the Plains: The Farming BonanzaLike the mineworkers and cow mans. 1000000s of husbandmans moved onto the Great Plains seeking economic chance every bit good. Many of these colonists were Blacks. aka Exodusters. flying subjugation in the South. White or Black. Plains husbandmans encountered adversities. including a deficiency of H2O. unequal timber for places and fencings. devastatingly hot summer air currents. grasshoppers and barbarian winter storms. Houses were made of turf bricks and neighbours were distant. New Farming MethodsSeveral of import innovations. inventions. made farming on the treeless. semiarid Plains possible and profitable. Dry agriculture ( slowed vaporization to assist with deficiency of rainfall ) . new and stalwart workss. and new machinery ( Chilled Iron Plow. grain drill. baling imperativeness. book- How Crops Grow ) . The Hatch Act ( supported agric. Experiments ) . were among the inventions that facilitated the rise of immense bonanza farms. These farms ran on new machinery and outside capital. hired ground forcess of workers. and profited on discounts from RR’s. Discontentment on the FarmOliver Kelley Founds the National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry ( aka the Grange ) to supply societal. cultural and educational things for the rural life. It was non meant to be political but some members supported RR ordinances anyways. It besides set up shops. warehouses. insurance companies and farm mills. Farmers’ Alliance was besides popular. The Farming roar ended after 1887 from a drouth. â€Å"This is the new age to farm† . The Final CrackIn 1889. Congress forced Creek and Seminole tribes to give up their rights to set down in OK. President Harrison opened the OK District. doing The Oklahoma land haste of 1889 where in 1 twenty-four hours. colonists claimed 1. 92 million estates. Participants known as Baby boomers and Sooners reflected the velocity of Western colony. Decision: The Meaning of the WestIn the 1890s. historian Frederick Jackson Turner theorized that the West and Americans’ colony of it explained American development. determining American imposts and character. giving rise to the American ideals of independency and autonomy. all while furthering innovation and version. Subsequently historiographers have challenged Turner’s thesis. indicating out frontier conservativism and imitativeness or the importance of household and community on the frontier as opposed to individuality. â€Å"New Western Historians† have rejected Turner’s thoughts wholly. bring forthing a complex position of the West in which racial and cultural diverseness and struggle dominate. and White Americans can be said to hold conquered instead than settled the West.